UGC NET Computer Science 2024 Previous Year Questions (PYQs) – Page 19 of 20

Convert header bytes of IPv4 packet:

Hex sequence (grouped in bytes):

54 00 00 18 00 10 01 10 04 06 01 ...

Important fields:

• TTL (Time To Live) field = 04 (in hex)

TTL = 4 → packet can travel 4 hops before being discarded.

• Protocol field = 06 (in hex)

Protocol number 6 corresponds to TCP.

Therefore:

TTL = 4 hops

Protocol = TCP

When processes are unaware of each other, they do not coordinate or compete for shared resources in a way that forms circular waiting.

• Mutual exclusion → may still be required for shared resources

• Starvation → possible if scheduling is unfair

• Deadlock → possible if processes wait on each other

Data coherence problems occur when processes share and modify common data.

If processes are unaware and do not share data directly, this issue does not arise.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) → Markup language

• XML (Extensible Markup Language) → Markup language

• DHTML (Dynamic HTML) → Extension of HTML used for dynamic webpages

LML and PML are not standard markup languages

Evaluate each prefix expression.

A:

• • • 2 / 8 4 3 2
      = + - * 2 2 3 2
      = + - 4 3 2
      = + 1 2
      = 3

B:
↑ - * 3 3 * 4 2 5
= ↑ - 9 8 5
= ↑ 1 5
= 1

C:

• • ↑ 3 2 ↑ 2 3 / 6 - 4 2
    = + - 9 8 / 6 2
    = + 1 3
    = 4

D:

• • 3 + 3 ↑ 3 + 1 1 3
    = * + 3 + 3 9 3
    = * + 3 12 3
    = * 15 3
    = 45

Values:

A = 3
B = 1
C = 4
D = 45

Increasing order:

B < A < C < D

NRZ-L → bandwidth = N/2 → IV

2B1Q → bandwidth = N/4 → I

4D-PAM5 → bandwidth = N/8 → II

MLT-3 → bandwidth ≈ N/3 → III

Thus matching:

A → IV

B → I

C → II

D → III

A 3-address instruction has the form:

Result = Operand1 op Operand2

Example:

ADD R₁, A, B → R₁ = A + B

ADD R₂, C, D → R₂ = C + D

MUL X, R₁, R₂ → X = R₁ × R₂

Each instruction uses three addresses (two operands and one result).

For fuzzy sets, the intersection operation is defined as:

$\mu_{A \cap B}(x) = \min(\mu_A(x), \mu_B(x))$

Now compute for each element:

$x_1$ : $\min(0.3, 0.5) = 0.3$
$x_2$ : $\min(0.7, 0.2) = 0.2$
$x_3$ : $\min(0.4, 0.5) = 0.4$

Thus,

$A \cap B = {(x_1,0.3),(x_2,0.2),(x_3,0.4)}$

In Genetic Algorithms, the most computationally expensive part is usually reproduction, which involves:

• crossover

• mutation

• generating new offspring

• evaluating fitness for the next generation

These steps are repeated many times and require significant computation.

C++ → supports multiple inheritance directly ✔

• Java → does not support multiple inheritance with classes (only interfaces) ✘

• Python → supports multiple inheritance ✔

• VB.NET → supports multiple inheritance through interfaces only ✘

• BASIC → does not support multiple inheritance ✘

Thus the languages that directly support multiple inheritance are:

C++ and Python

Isolated I/O (Port-mapped I/O) → Memory and I/O address spaces are separate.

• Memory-Mapped I/O → I/O devices share the same address space as memory.

The question asks where memory and I/O addresses are distinct, which corresponds to Isolated I/O.

Among the given combinations, the most appropriate option containing this concept is A.